Source: Ibn Kathir
| Signs of the Power and Oneness of Allah |
(64) Allah, it is He Who has made for you the earth as a dwelling place and the sky as a canopy, and has given you shape and made your shapes good (looking) and has provided you with good things. That is Allah, your Lord, then blessed be Allah, the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists).
(Allah, it is He Who has made for you the earth as a dwelling place) means, `He made it stable and spread it out for you so that you might live on it and travel about in it; He strengthened it with the mountains so that it does not shake with you.'
(and the sky as a canopy,) means, `a roof covering and protecting the world.'
(and has given you shape and made your shapes good) means, `He created you in the best and most perfect form.'
(and has provided you with good and pure things.) means, of food and drink in this world. Allah states that He is the Creator of the dwelling place and of the inhabitants and of the provision; He is the Creator and Provider, as He says in Surat Al-Baqarah:
(O mankind! Worship your Lord (Allah), Who created you and those who were before you so that you may have Taqwa. Who has made the earth a resting-place for you, and the sky as a canopy, and sent down water (rain) from the sky and brought forth therewith fruits as a provision for you. Then do not set up rivals unto Allah while you know.) (2:21-22)
And here Allah says, after mentioning the creation of all these things:
(That is Allah, your Lord, so Blessed be Allah, the Lord of all that exists.) meaning, exalted and sanctified and glorified is Allah, the Lord of all the worlds.
(65) He is the Ever-Living, La ilaha Illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), so invoke Him making your worship pure for Him Alone (by worshipping Him Alone, and none else, and by doing righteous deeds sincerely for Allah's sake only, and not to show off, and not to set up rivals with Him in worship). All the praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists).
(He is the Ever-Living, La ilaha Illa Huwa;) means, He is the Ever-Living, from eternity to eternity, Who was, is and shall be, the First and the Last, the Manifest, the Hidden.
(La ilaha illa Huwa) means, there is none comparable or equal to Him.
(so invoke Him making the religion for Him Alone.) means, affirm His Oneness by testifying that there is no God but He. Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.
Imam Ahmad recorded that after ending every prayer, `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair used to say:
(There is no (true) God except Allah Alone with no partner or associate, to Him belongs the dominion and praise, for He is able to do all things; there is no strength and no power except with Allah; there is no (true) God except Allah and we worship none but Him; to Him belong blessings and virtue and goodly praise; there is no (true) God except Allah, we worship Him in all sincerity even though the disbelievers may hate that.) He said, "The Messenger of Allah used to say the Tahlil in this fashion after every prayer.'' Similar was also recorded by Muslim, Abu Dawud, and An-Nasa'i.
| The Prohibition of Shirk, the Order for Tawhid, and the Evidence |
(66) Say (O Muhammad SAW): "I have been forbidden to worship those whom you worship besides Allah, since there have come to me evidences from my Lord, and I am commanded to submit (in Islam) to the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists).
Allah says, `say, O Muhammad, to these idolators, that Allah forbids them to worship anyone, such as these idols and false gods, except Him.' Allah explains that no one apart from Him is deserving of worship,
(67) He, it is Who has created you (Adam) from dust, then from a Nutfah [mixed semen drops of male and female discharge (i.e. Adam's offspring)] then from a clot (a piece of coagulated blood), then brings you forth as children, then (makes you grow) to reach the age of full strength, and afterwards to be old (men and women), though some among you die before, and that you reach an appointed term, in order that you may understand.
(It is He, Who has created you from dust, then from a Nutfah then from a clot (a piece of coagulated blood), then brings you forth as an infant, then (makes you grow) to reach the age of full strength, and afterward to be old.) meaning He is the One Who Alone, with no partner or associate, causes you to pass through these different stages, and this happens in accordance with His command, will and decree.
(though some among you die before) means, before being fully formed and emerging to this world; so his mother miscarries him. And there are some who die in infancy or in their youth, or when they are adults but before they reach old age, as Allah says:
(that We may make (it) clear to you. And We cause whom We will remain in the wombs for an appointed term) (22:5).
(and that you reach an appointed term in order that you may understand. ) Ibn Jurayj said, "In order that you may remember the Resurrection.''
(68) He Who gives life and causes death. And when He decides upon a thing He says to it only: "Be!" and it is.
(It is He Who gives life and causes death.) meaning, He is the Only One Who does that, and none is able to do that except He.
(And when He decides upon a thing He says to it only: "Be!'' -- and it is.) means, He cannot be opposed or resisted. Whatever He wills definitely comes to pass.
| The End of Those Who dispute and deny the Signs of Allah |
(69) See you not those who dispute about the Ayat (proofs, evidence, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) of Allah? How are they turning away (from the truth, i.e. Islamic Monotheism to the falsehood of polytheism)?
Allah says, `do you not wonder, O Muhammad, at those who deny the signs of Allah and dispute the truth by means of falsehood, how their minds are diverted from the truth and are misguided'
(70) Those who deny the Book (this Quran), and that with which We sent Our Messengers (i.e. to worship none but Allah Alone sincerely, and to reject all false deities and to confess resurrection after the death for recompense) they will come to know (when they will be cast into the Fire of Hell).
(Those who deny the Book, and that with which We sent Our Messengers) means, guidance, and clear proof.
(they will come to know.) This is a stern warning and clear threat from the Lord to these people. This is like the Ayah:
(Woe that Day to the deniers!) (77:15)
(71) When iron collars will be rounded over their necks and the chains, they shall be dragged along.
(When iron collars will be rounded over their necks and the chains.) means, the chains will be attached to the iron collars, and the keepers of Hell will drag them along on their faces, sometimes to the boiling water, and sometimes to the Fire.
(72) In the boiling water, then they will be burned in the Fire.
(they shall be dragged along, in the boiling water, then they will be burned in the Fire. ) This is like the Ayat:
(This is the Hell which the criminals denied. They will go between it and the fierce boiling water!) (55:43-44).
After describing how they will eat Zaqqum (a bitter tree of Hell)
and drink Hamim (boiling water), Allah says:
(Then thereafter, verily, their return is to the flaming fire of Hell.) (37:68),
(73) Then it will be said to them: "Where are (all) those whom you used to join in worship as partners
(Then it will be said to them: "Where are (all) those whom you considered partners -- besides Allah'') means, it will be said to them, `where are the idols whom you used to worship instead of Allah Can they help you today'
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