Ibn Kathir
("Salam (Peace!)'' -- a Word from the Lord (Allah), Most Merciful.) Ibn Jurayj said, "Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, concerning this Ayah, Allah Himself, Who is the Peace (As-Salam) will grant peace to the people of Paradise.
This view of Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, is like the Ayah:
(Their greeting on the Day they shall meet Him will be "Salam'') (33:44).
| The Isolation of the Disbelievers and Their Rebuke on the Day of Resurrection |
Allah tells us what the end of the disbelievers will be on the Day of Resurrection, when He commands them to get apart from the believers, i.e., to stand apart from the believers.
This is like the Ayat:
(And the Day whereon We shall gather them all together, then We shall say to those who did set partners in worship with Us: "Stop at your place! You and your partners.'' Then We shall separate them) (10:28).
(And on the Day when the Hour will be established -- that Day shall they be separated.) (30:14)
(On that Day they shall be divided) (30:43) which means, they will be divided into two separate groups.
((It will be said to the angels): "Assemble those who did wrong, together with their companions and what they used to worship, instead of Allah, and lead them on to the way of flaming Fire (Hell).'') (37:22-23).
(Did I not command you, O Children of Adam, that you should not worship Shaytan Verily, he is a plain enemy to you.) This is a rebuke from Allah to the disbelievers among the sons of Adam, those who obey the Shaytan even though he was a plain enemy to them, and they disobeyed Ar-Rahman Who created them and granted them provision.
(And that you should worship Me. That is the straight path.) meaning, `I commanded you in the world to disobey the Shaytan, and I commanded you to worship Me, and this is the straight path, but you followed a different path and you followed the commands of the Shaytan.'
(And indeed he did lead astray a great multitude of you.) meaning, a large number of people. This was the view of Mujahid, Qatadah, As-Suddi and Sufyan bin `Uyaynah.
(Did you not then understand) means, `did you not have any understanding, when you went against the command of your Lord to worship Him alone, with no partner or associate, and you preferred to follow the Shaytan'
(This is Hell which you were promised!) meaning, `this is what the Messengers warned you about, and you did not believe them.'
(Burn (enter) therein this Day, for that you used to disbelieve).
This is like the Ayah:
(The Day when they will be pushed down by force to the fire of Hell, with a horrible, forceful pushing. This is the Fire which you used to belie. Is this magic or do you not see) (52:13-15)
| The Mouths of the Disbelievers will be sealed on the Day of Resurrection |
(This Day, We shall seal up their mouths, and their hands will speak to Us, and their legs will bear witness to what they used to earn.) This will be the state of the disbelievers and hypocrites on the Day of Resurrection, when they deny the sins they committed in this world and swear that they did not do that. Allah will seal their mouths and cause their limbs to speak about what they did.
Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that Anas bin Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "We were with the Prophet and he smiled so broadly that his molar could be seen, then he said: (Do you know why I am smiling) We said, `Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said: (Because of the way a servant will argue with his Lord on the Day of Resurrection. He will say, "O Lord, will You not protect me from injustice'' ﴿Allah﴾ will say, "Of course.'' He will say, "I will not accept any witness against me except from myself.'' ﴿Allah﴾ will say, "Today you will be a sufficient witness against yourself, and the honorable scribes will serve as witnesses against you.'' Then his mouth will be sealed, and it will be said to his faculties, "Speak!'' So they will speak of what he did. Then he will be permitted to speak, and he will say, "May you be doomed! It was for you that I was fighting.'')'' This was recorded by Muslim and An-Nasa'i.
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(And if it had been Our will, We would surely have wiped out their eyes, so that they would struggle for the path, how then would they see) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, explained it: "Allah says, `If We willed, We could have misguided them all away from true guidance, so how could they be guided'' And on one occasion he said, "`We could have blinded them.''' Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "If Allah willed, He could have covered their eyes and made them blind, stumbling about.'' Mujahid, Abu Salih, Qatadah and As-Suddi said, "So that they would struggle for the path, i.e., the right way.'' Ibn Zayd said, "The meaning of path here is the truth -- `How could they see when We have covered their eyes''' Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him said:
(how then would they see) "They would not see the truth.''
(And if it had been Our will, We could have transformed them in their places.)
Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said; "`We could have destroyed them.''
As-Suddi said, "`We could have changed their form.''
Abu Salih said, "`We could have turned them to stone.''
Al-Hasan Al-Basri and Qatadah said, "`We could have caused them to sit on their feet.''
Allah says:
(Then they would have been unable to go forward) meaning, move to the front,
(nor they could have turned back.) meaning, move backwards. They would have remained static, unable to move forwards or backwards.
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