Source: Ibn Kathir
| The Inheritance of the Qur'an is of three kinds |
Allah says: `Then We made those who uphold the Book confirming what came before, the one whom We have chosen from among Our servants.
They are this Ummah, who are divided into three types.' Allah says:
(Then of them are some who wrong themselves,) these are the ones who are careless about doing some obligatory actions, and who commit some forbidden actions.
(and of them are some who follow a middle course,) these are the ones who fulfill their obligations and avoid things that are forbidden, but they may neglect some good deeds and do some things which are disliked.
(and of them are some who are, by Allah's leave, foremost in good deeds.) these are the ones who do obligatory actions and things which are encouraged, and who avoid doing unlawful and disliked actions, and avoid some actions which are permissible.
`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas commented on the Ayah:
(Then We gave the Book as inheritance to such of Our servants whom We chose. ) "This refers to the Ummah of Muhammad . Allah caused it to inherit every Book that He had revealed; those who wrong themselves will be forgiven, those who follow a middle course will have an easy accounting, and those who are foremost in good deeds will enter Paradise without being brought to account.''
Abu Al-Qasim At-Tabarani reported from Ibn `Abbas that the Messenger of Allah said one day:
(My intercession will be for those among my Ummah who commit major sins.)
'' Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "Those who are foremost in good deeds will enter Paradise without being brought to account; those who follow a middle course will enter Paradise by the mercy of Allah, and those who wrong themselves and Ashab Al-A`raf will enter Paradise by the intercession of Muhammad .'' It was also reported from a number of the Salaf that those among this Ummah who wrong themselves are still among those whom Allah has chosen, even though they are imperfect and fell short ﴿by not adhering to the straight path﴾. Others said that those who wrong themselves are not part of this Ummah and are not among those whom Allah has chosen and who inherited the Book. The correct view is that they are also part of this Ummah.
|
Allah tells us that those whom He chose among His servants, those who inherited the Book which was revealed from the Lord of the worlds, will, on the Day of Resurrection, have an abode in Everlasting Gardens which they will enter on the Day when they are raised anew and meet Allah.
(therein will they be adorned with bracelets of gold and pearls,) It was recorded in the Sahih from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah said:
(The ornaments of the believer will reach as far as his Wudu'.)
(and their garments therein will be of silk.) For this reason it is forbidden for them (the males) in this world, but Allah will permit it for them in the Hereafter.
It was recorded in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah said: (Whoever wears silk in this world, will not wear it in the Hereafter.) And he said: (It is for them in this world, and for you in the Hereafter.)
(And they will say: "All the praises and thanks be to Allah, Who has removed from us (all) grief...'') which means fear of everything that is feared; it has been lifted from us and we have been relieved of all that we used to fear of the anxieties of the world and the Hereafter. Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and others said, "He forgives them for their major sins, and appreciates even the smallest of their good deeds.''
(Who, out of His grace, has lodged us in a home that will last forever,) means, `Who has given us this position and status out of His grace and blessing and mercy, for our good deeds are not equivalent to this.'
It was reported in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah said: -(None of you will enter Paradise by virtue of his good deeds.) They said, "Not even you, O Messenger of Allah'' He said, (Not even me, unless Allah encompasses me with His mercy and grace.)
(where toil will touch us not nor weariness will touch us.) means, neither hardship nor exhaustion will touch us. The words translated here as "toil'' and "weariness'' both mean exhaustion, as if what is meant by the negation of both is that neither their bodies nor their souls will become exhausted; and Allah knows best. They used to exhaust themselves in worshipping this world, but their obligations will come to an end when they enter Paradise, where they will enjoy eternal rest and repose.
Allah says:
(Eat and drink at ease for that which you have sent on before you in days past!) (69:24)
| The Punishment of the Disbeliever and what Their State will be in Hell |
Having told us how the blessed will be (in Paradise), Allah now starts to tell us what the state of doomed will be. He says:
(But those who disbelieve, for them will be the fire of Hell. Neither will it have a complete killing effect on them so that they die)
This is like the Ayah:
(Wherein he will neither die nor live) (20:74).
It was reported in Sahih Muslim that the Messenger of Allah said: (As for the people of Hell who will dwell therein, they will neither live nor die there. )
And Allah says:
(And they will cry (to the keeper of Hell): "O Malik! Let your Lord make an end of us.'' He will say: "Verily, you shall abide forever.'') (43:77).
When they are in this state, they will think that if only they could die, it would be a time of rest for them, but that can never happen to them.
(Thus do We requite every disbeliever!) meaning, this is the recompense of everyone who disbelieved in his Lord and denied the truth.
|
(Therein they will cry) means, they will call out in the Fire, beseeching Allah with their voices:
("Our Lord! Bring us out, we shall do righteous good deeds, not that we used to do.'') which means, they will ask to go back to the worldly life so that they can do something different to the first deeds they did. But Allah, may He be glorified, knows that if He sent them back to this world, they would go back to what they had been forbidden to do, and He knows that they are lying, so He will not respond to their plea.
This is like the Ayah where Allah tells us that they will say:
(Then is there any way to get out (of the Fire). (It will be said): "This is because, when Allah Alone was invoked you disbelieved (denied), but when partners were joined to Him, you believed!) (40:11,12)
i.e., `there will be no response for you because you were like that; if you were to return to this world, you would just go back to that which you had been forbidden to do.
(Did We not give you lives long enough, so that whosoever would receive admonition could receive it And the warner came to you.) meaning, `did you not live for long enough in the world that if you were to be among those who would benefit from the truth, you would have benefited from it during your lifetimes'
Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Prophet said: (Allah has left no excuse for the person who lives to be sixty or seventy years old; Allah has left no excuse for him; Allah has left no excuse for him.)
Imam Al-Bukhari also recorded, in the Book of Riqaq in his Sahih, that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah said: (Allah has left no excuse for a man who reaches the age of sixty.)''
Ibn Jarir recorded that Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "The Messenger of Allah said:
(Whoever is granted a long life until the age of sixty, Allah has left no excuse for him.)'' This was also recorded by Imam Ahmad and An-Nasa'i in Ar-Riqaq. Because this is the age at which Allah removes any excuse from His servants, this is the usual age of people in this Ummah,
as was reported in the Hadith of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said, "The Messenger of Allah said: (The usual life span in my Ummah is between sixty and seventy years, and only a few pass this age.)'' This was also recorded by At-Tirmidhi and Ibn Majah in the Book of Zuhd ﴿of his Sunan﴾.
(And the warner came to you. ) It was reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, `Ikrimah, Abu Ja`far Al-Baqir, may Allah be pleased with him, Qatadah and Sufyan bin `Uyaynah said, "This means grey hair.'' As-Suddi and `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam said, "This means the Messenger of Allah ''
Here Allah tells us that He knows the unseen in the heavens and earth, and that He knows all that is hidden and the secrets of the hearts. And He tells us that He will reward or punish everyone according to his deeds.
No comments:
Post a Comment