Source: Ibn Kathir
| When the Soul reaches the Throat at the Time of Death, it cannot be brought back; this proves Reckoning shall occur |
Allah the Exalted said,
(Then why do you not (intervene) when it reaches), in reference to the soul,
(Al-Hulqum), i.e., the throat, at the time of death.
Allah the Exalted said in other Ayat,
(Nay, when (the soul) reaches to the collarbone, and it will be said: "Who can cure him (and save him from death)'' And he will conclude that it was (the time) of parting (death), And one leg will be joined with another leg (shrouded). The drive will be on that Day to your Lord (Allah).)(75:26-30)
Allah said here,
(And you at the moment are looking,) at the dying person and witnessing the stupor of death that he is experiencing,
(But We are nearer to him than you, ) with Our angels,
(but you see not.) you cannot see the angels.
(Then why do you not -- if you are not Madinin -- return the soul,) means, `Will you not return this soul, that has reached the throat, to its body as it used to be, if you are exempt from the reckoning and recompense' Sa`id bin Jubayr and Al-Hasan Al-Basri said:
(Then why do you not -- if you are not Madinin. ..), "If you do not believe that you will be reckoned, recompensed, resurrected and punished, then why do you not return this soul to its body'' Mujahid said that,
(...if you are not Madinin), means, "if you are not certain.''
| The Condition of People at the Time of Their Death |
These are the three types of conditions that people face upon their death. Either they are among the near believers or those below their rank on the right, or those who denied the truth were led astray from the guidance and were ignorant about Allah.
(Then if he), in reference to the dying person,
(be of the Muqarrabun) who fulfilled the obligations and the recommended acts of worship and avoided the forbidden and disliked matters and even some of the allowed,
(then for him Rawh, Rayhan and a Garden of Delights.) Theirs will be Rawh and Rayhan, and the glad tidings of these traits will be conveyed to them by the angels at the time of death.
We mentioned before the Prophet's Hadith narrated from Al-Bara' in which the angels of mercy say (to a dying, believing person), (O good soul in the good body that you inhabited, come to Rawh, Rayhan and a Lord Who is not angry.) `
Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas, "Rawh means rest, and Rayhan means place of rest.''
Mujahid said similarly that Rawh means rest.
Abu Hazrah said that Rawh means: "Rest from the world.''
Sa`id bin Jubayr and As-Suddi said that it means to rejoice.
And from Mujahid:
(Rawh and Rayhan) means: "Paradise and delights.''
Qatadah said that Rawh means mercy.
Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, and Sa`id bin Jubayr said that Rayhan means provisions. All of these explanations are correct and similar in meaning. The near believers who die will earn all of these; mercy, rest, provision, joy, happiness and good delights,
(and a Garden of Delights.) Abu Al-`Aliyah said, "None of the near believers will depart (this life) until after he is brought a branch of the Rayhan of Paradise and his soul is captured in it.'' Muhammad bin Ka`b said, "Every person who dies will know upon his death if he is among the people of Paradise or the people of the Fire.''
(And if he be of those on the right,) means, if he, the dying person, is among those on the right,
(Then Salam (peace) to you from those on the right) meaning, the angels will deliver the good news to them by saying, "Peace be upon you,'' i.e., be calm, you will be led to safety, you are among those on the right, as `Ikrimah said, "The angels will greet him with the Salam and convey to him the news that he is among those on the right.
(But if he be of the denying, the erring, then for him is an entertainment with Hamim (boiling water) and entry in Hellfire.) meaning, if the dying person is one of those who denied the truth, who were led astray from guidance,
(then for him is an entertainment,) meaning, as a guest
(with Hamim) that dissolves his intestines and skin,
(And entry in Hellfire.) he will reside in Hellfire, which will engulf him from every direction. Allah the Exalted said, next,
(Verily, this! This is an absolute truth with certainty.) meaning, this news is the truth; there is no doubt about it, nor escape from it for anyone,
(So, glorify with praises the Name of your Lord, the Most Great.)
Jabir narrated that the Messenger of Allah said, (He who says, "Glory be to Allah the Magnificent and with His praise!'' then a date tree will be planted for him in Paradise.) This Hadith was collected by At-Tirmidhi and An-Nasa'i; At-Tirmidhi said, "Hasan Gharib.''
Al-Bukhari recorded in his book (Sahih) that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,
((There are) two statements that are light on the tongue, but heavy on the Balance, and most beloved to Ar-Rahman: "Glory be to Allah and with His praise, glory be to Allah the Magnificent.'') The Group, with the exception of Abu Dawud, collected this. This is the end of the Tafsir of Surat Al-Waqi`ah, all praise and thanks are due to Allah and all the favors come from Him.
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