That is the guidance of Allah by which He guides whomever He wills of His servants. But if they had associated others with Allah , then worthless for them would be whatever they were doing.
Those are the ones to whom We gave the Scripture and authority and prophethood. But if the disbelievers deny it, then We have entrusted it to a people who are not therein disbelievers.
Those are the ones whom Allah has guided, so from their guidance take an example. Say, "I ask of you for this message no payment. It is not but a reminder for the worlds."
And they did not appraise Allah with true appraisal when they said, " Allah did not reveal to a human being anything." Say, "Who revealed the Scripture that Moses brought as light and guidance to the people? You [Jews] make it into pages, disclosing [some of] it and concealing much. And you were taught that which you knew not - neither you nor your fathers." Say, " Allah [revealed it]." Then leave them in their [empty] discourse, amusing themselves.
And this is a Book which We have sent down, blessed and confirming what was before it, that you may warn the Mother of Cities and those around it. Those who believe in the Hereafter believe in it, and they are maintaining their prayers.Shirk eradicates the deeds, even the deeds of the Messengers.
(6:88) Allah is teaching the Quraish how corrupt shirk is. Even if they do good deeds, if they do shirk, their good deeds will be multiplied by zero. Even if the Prophets, all the names that Allah had mentioned in the previous ayats, had committed shirk all their deeds would be worthless. The Prophets would never do this but Allah is demonstrating to the Quarish how shirk burns away good deeds. Shirk is so powerful that Allah does not forgive it.
(6:89) Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala states that each of the Prophets mentioned above were either given some Scripture and some were followers of that Scripture. They were not just given knowledge of the Book but also taught how to apply that knowledge. These bounties were bestowed on them as a mercy for the servants, and out of Allah’s kindness for His creation.
We should recall that the addressees of these ayaat were the mushrikeen of Makkah. They were narrated the story of Ibraheem `alayhi salaam so that they could relate to him. Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala says that if the Quraysh [and the rest of the people of the earth – the Arabs and non-Arabs, illiterate and the People of the Scriptures] deny the Scripture, the Hukm and the Prophethood of Muhammad sallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam then we don’t need them. These bounties have been entrusted to another people [the Muhajiroon and Ansaar], and those who follow their lead until the Day of Resurrection. They will not deny any of these favors, not even one letter. Rather they will believe in them totally, even the parts that are not so clear to some of them.
(6:90) Addressing His servants and Messenger, Muhammad sallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam, Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala says that tell them you don’t ask for any reward for delivering the Qur’an to them or anything else. It is a reminder for the `Alameen [the mankind and Jinns]. They are reminded by it and guided from blindness to clarity, from misguidance to guidance, and from disbelief to faith.
The Messenger is but a human to whom the book was revealed by inspiration.
(6:91) Ibn `Abbas radhiAllahu `anhu and Ibn Katheer said that this Ayah was revealed about the Quraysh. While some said that it was revealed about some Jews. Mufti Muhammad Shafi Usmani writes in his Maroof-ul-Qur’an if those who said this were the idolaters of Makkah then the matter is obvious for they did not believe in any book and prophet. And if they were Jews, then their saying so was an outcome of their anger and irritation contrary to the dictates of their own religion.
The word qadaru [قَدَرُو] is from the word qadr which means “to appraise, assess or know the value of something”. How can we assess the value of something? By studying it, by examining it, by acquiring knowledge about it not from only one aspect but several aspects.
Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala tells the Prophet sallAllahu `alayhi wa sallam to ask the people who deny Scripture absolutely: If you think Allah did not reveal any book to any human being then you better have an answer as to who revealed the Torah in which you believe. You and all others know that Allah sent down Torah to Musa `alayhi salaam, the son of `Imran. He sent the Torah as a light and guidance for people so that it could shed light on the answers to various disputes, and to guide away from the darkness of doubts.
And Who sent down the Qur’an in which Allah taught you the news of those who were before you and the news of what will come after that neither you nor your fathers had knowledge of?
Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala ends the ayah by saying, leave them to play in ignorance and misguidance until the true news comes to them. Then, they will know whether the good end is theirs or for the fearful servants of Allah.
(6:92) As you accept that the Torah was sent down by Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala so this Qur’an too was sent by Allah. And sufficient for them is the proof of its veracity that the Qur’an confirms what has been revealed in the Torah and the Injeel. Just as Torah and Injeel were revealed to the Bani Isra`eel, the Qur’an was revealed to the Bani Isma`eel who had received no prophet or book of guidance until that time. Bani Isma`eel were the Arabs living in Umm al-Qura and its environs. Qur’an calls Makkah Umm al-Qura or the Mother of Cities. It means the root and foundation of all towns and habitations. It also has the Qiblah, the central attraction of acts of `Ibadaah for the whole world.
Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala ends this ayah by saying that those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, believe in this blessed Book, the Qur’an as well. They are those who perform what Allah ordered them, offering the prayers perfectly and on time.
Why has the Akhirah been mentioned here?
It is because anyone who believes in the Hereafter and the Judgment Day will definitely be moved by the fear of Allah. He would be free from the shackles of ignorant customs and embrace the truth in its entirety.
The lack of concern for the Akhirah is the mother of all spiritual diseases. From here come Kufr, Shirk, sin and disobedience. If a believer happens to have committed a mistake or sin, he does feel a pinch in his heart. Sooner or later, he repents and resolves to stay away from sin in the future. So, the fear of Allah and the concern for the Akhirah are, in all truth, channels which make human beings what they should be and which make them capable of staying away from crime, sin and disobedience by conscious choice.
Lessons to learn
- We learn that shirk eradicates good deeds whether someone is a layman or an honorable, learned scholar.
- Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala doesn’t need people to accept His religion. Rather when a person follows the Deen he is only benefiting himself. This is such an important message that this is repeated again and again. It is because sometimes when we begin studying religion we feel as if we are honoring the religion.
- When a person doesn’t utilize the blessings they are taken away and given to someone else before our eyes.
- We learn the obligation of knowing Allah; about having the maa`rifa of Allah. It is one of the most important things in a believer’s life. Learning about Allah is not limited to Allah is One and He is our Creator.
- In Ayah 92, we learn that the Qur’an is for all people and not just Arabs.
- It is the responsibility of the people who have been given the Qur’an to convey it to others. This should be their mission in life.
- Belief in Akhirah signifies a stronger and better relationship with Qur’an and Allah subhanahu wa ta`ala. When a person fears the questioning in the Hereafter, he will strive to learn and do what he should be doing as a righteous believer.
- The concern for the Akhirah will make one careful about his Salah.
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